Yerel se\u00e7imler geride kald\u0131. Piyasalar\u0131n beklentisi bundan b\u00f6yle en az 4 sene boyunca \u201cse\u00e7im yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yap\u0131sal reformlar\u0131n art\u0131k uygulanmaya konulaca\u011f\u0131\u201d umuduyla \u00e7alkalan\u0131yor. \u201cYap\u0131sal reform gereklili\u011fi\u201d iktisat g\u00fcndemimizde neredeyse ilahi bir kutsanma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f durumda. Bu hafta s\u00f6z konusu kavram\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011fi mistik alg\u0131lardan ar\u0131nd\u0131rarak tart\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Konu son derece geni\u015f ve kapsaml\u0131. Bu k\u00f6\u015fenin boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n ise s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finden hareketle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da vurgulayaca\u011f\u0131m \u00f6neriler demetinin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak \u201cgenel ve soyut\u201d d\u00fczeyde kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nday\u0131m. Bunun i\u00e7in ba\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6z\u00fcr diliyorum. Di\u011fer yandan da kapitalizmi idare etmek gibi bir niyetim, iddiam, ya da y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da okurlar\u0131m\u0131n takdirine b\u0131rakmak arzusunday\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flayacak, emek\u00e7ilerin ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirecek ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla piyasa sistemine m\u00fcdahale ve d\u00fczenleme gerektiren \u201cyap\u0131sal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler\u201d ile \u0130stanbul finans burjuvazisinin taleplerini birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in olmazsa olmaz ilk ad\u0131mlar<\/p>\n
S\u00f6z konusu yap\u0131sal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u201colmazsa olmaz\u201d \u00f6n ko\u015fullar\u0131 hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve liyakata dayal\u0131 bir y\u00f6netim sisteminin kurgulanmas\u0131 ve insan haklar\u0131na, \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sayg\u0131l\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 demokrasi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrce \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fitimde tek tip, ezbere dayal\u0131, sorgulamadan sadece itaat etmeyi hedefleyen \u0130slamc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaya dayal\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretimin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmeli; e\u011fitim sistemimiz h\u00fcr, bilimsel \u015f\u00fcpheci, sorgulayan ve analitik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yarat\u0131c\u0131 nesiller yeti\u015ftirmeye odaklanmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\nEkonomik d\u00fczlemde ise toplumsal adaleti geli\u015ftirecek bir vergi d\u00fczenlemesi \u00f6n ko\u015ful olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Toplumsal \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ve ahlaks\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin ana bile\u015feni olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u201cvergi ve\/veya imar aff\u0131\u201d gibi d\u00fczenlemeler yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 ilan edilmelidir. Buradan hareketle, kamu maliyesini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra haks\u0131z nitelikli kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n adaletli bir bi\u00e7imde vergilendirilmesine d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak imar rantlar\u0131 vergilendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye benzeri geli\u015fmekte olan y\u00fckselen piyasa ekonomileri i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 yeni-i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00fcstlenilen g\u00f6rev, her ne pahas\u0131na olursa ihracat\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bu nedenle de uluslararas\u0131 rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fckseltilmesi \u00f6nceli\u011fidir. Bu da \u00fccretlerin bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ihracat\u00e7\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlerde emek veriminin y\u00fckseltilmesini sa\u011flayacak -\u00e7o\u011funlukla ithal teknolojiye ve pazarlama tekniklerine dayal\u0131 d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131- bir \u00fcretim desenini gerekli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak, emek\u00e7ileri ve u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 ekonomik \u015fiddet alt\u0131nda sosyal d\u0131\u015flanmaya u\u011frayan k\u0131r ve kent yoksullar\u0131n\u0131 da kucaklayarak geni\u015fleyen bir i\u00e7 pazar\u0131n avantajlar\u0131ndan yararlanmak \u00f6ncelikli olarak g\u00fcndeme getirilmelidir. Bunlar\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, her ne pahas\u0131na olursa olsun sanayile\u015fmenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre tahribat\u0131 ve ekolojik felakete g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek olan hiper-t\u00fcketime dayal\u0131 \u00fcretim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 terk edilmeli; gelecek nesillere sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, temiz ve ya\u015fanabilir bir d\u00fcnya b\u0131rakmak \u00f6nceli\u011fimiz olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu t\u00fcr alternatif bir modelde uluslararas\u0131 rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00fccretleri ve maliyetleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya \u00e7ekme saplant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yerini, i\u00e7 pazarda istihdam\u0131 ve i\u00e7 talebi koruyan, \u00fcretkenlik kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 eme\u011fin gelirlerine yans\u0131tan bir sanayile\u015fme ve \u00fcretim modeli benimsenmelidir. Bu modelin ana itici g\u00fcc\u00fc kamu giri\u015fimcili\u011fine ve kamu yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na dayanmak \u00fczere yeniden kurgulanabilir.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsan onuruna yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r i\u015f<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasalar\u0131nda enformalle\u015ftirmeyi \u00f6zendiren ta\u015feronla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 (alt-i\u015fveren tipi) uygulamalar titizlikle izlenmeli, ILO belgelerinde tan\u0131mlanan \u201cinsan onuruna yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r i\u015f\u201d kavram\u0131 ana k\u0131stas olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hipers\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc olanakl\u0131 k\u0131lan cinsiyet ve etnik ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sosyal d\u0131\u015flanmaya yol a\u00e7an enformal istihdam bi\u00e7imleri reddedilmelidir. \u0130\u015fsizlik ve cinsiyet, etnik k\u00f6ken ve b\u00f6lgesel e\u015fitsizlik bi\u00e7imleriyle m\u00fccadele t\u00fcm makro birimlerin \u00f6nceli\u011fi olarak kurgulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\nSermaye \u00e7evrelerince s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen ve eme\u011fin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 yok etmeyi ama\u00e7layan, k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, fona devredilmesi ve\/veya en az\u0131ndan i\u015flevsiz hale getirilmesine y\u00f6nelik talepler ise reddedilmelidir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel d\u00fczeyde finansal istikrar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131<\/p>\n
\u0130ktisat ile ilgilenen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn sosyal bilimcilerin ortak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, 2007\/08 k\u00fcresel kriziyle tetiklenen ve \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck durgunlu\u011fa\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen k\u00fcresel kriz dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n ana nedeninin d\u00fcnya finans piyasalar\u0131nda ya\u015fanan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclemez \u015fi\u015fkinle\u015fme (a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferlenme) ve bor\u00e7lanma temposu oldu\u011fu konusunda birle\u015fmektedir. \u00d6nceleri dot. com, daha sonra t\u00fcketici ve konut kredileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen finansal \u015fi\u015fkinlik, 2007\u2019de art\u0131k s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclemeyerek patlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sermayenin finansal rant oyunlar\u0131ndan kurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayali k\u00e2rlar, reel ekonominin ger\u00e7ekleriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmaz niteliktedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u201d, \u00f6ncelikle \u00e7arp\u0131k k\u00fcreselle\u015fme dalgas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine in\u015fa edildi\u011fi k\u0131r\u0131lgan finansal yap\u0131n\u0131n reel ekonomik sekt\u00f6rlerle olan ili\u015fkilerinin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir yap\u0131ya kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve \u201ct\u0131klama kapitalizminin\u201d (capitalism on tick) hayali de\u011ferlere dayal\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fck ekonomisinin dizginlenmesinden ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n
Bu anlamda, ba\u015fta BDDK, SPK ve Merkez Bankas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, finans sermayesinin ve rantiyer gruplar\u0131n taleplerine ve \u201cfinansal sistemin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 her \u015feyden \u00f6ncedir\u201d \u015fantaj\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 duracak, finansal istikrar\u0131 sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir kurumsal \u00fcstyap\u0131 olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ticari bankalar ile yat\u0131r\u0131m bankalar\u0131 birbirinden ayr\u0131lmal\u0131; kooperatif bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, kamu bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen alma\u015f\u0131k \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imleri \u00f6zendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n
Merkez Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kendisini sadece fiyat istikrar\u0131 hedefiyle s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131 yerine, d\u00f6viz kurundaki oynakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve belirsizli\u011fi azaltacak ve reel d\u00fczeyini koruyacak bir \u201creel d\u00f6viz kuru hedeflemesi\u201d para politikas\u0131 \u00f6zendirilebilir. Daha genel anlamda, t\u00fcm finansal varl\u0131klar\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 bir arada g\u00f6zeten bir \u201cfinansal istikrar hedeflemesi\u201d kavram\u0131 geli\u015ftirilebilir. Bu ba\u011flamda, finansal sistemin hiper-ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve tahrip edici spek\u00fclatif \u00f6\u011felerini dizginleyecek bir finansal i\u015flem vergisi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n
Y\u00f6neti\u015fim ve demokrasi<\/p>\n
Burada s\u0131ralanan \u201cyap\u0131sal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u201d \u00f6nerilerinin nihayetinde \u201csistem-i\u00e7i\u201d oldu\u011fu ve sistemden kal\u0131c\u0131 bir kopu\u015f \u00f6nerisiyle birle\u015ftirilmedik\u00e7e ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ve kal\u0131c\u0131 olamayaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu haliyle de bu \u00e7abalar\u0131n anlam ifade etmedi\u011fi \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Bu tespit ku\u015fkusuz do\u011frudur. Nitekim, k\u00fcresel ekonominin mevcut ko\u015fullar\u0131nda kapitalizmin \u201csistem- i\u00e7i\u201d herhangi bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \u00f6nerisine dahi tahamm\u00fcl\u00fc kalmam\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u201chukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d veya \u201ckat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 demokratik kurumlar\u201d gibi kavramlar art\u0131k gerek yerel, gerekse uluslararas\u0131 sermaye \u00e7evrelerinin stratejik kararlar\u0131na ayak ba\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte ve k\u00f6hnemi\u015f b\u00fcrokratik engeller bi\u00e7iminde nitelendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Demokrasi kurumlar\u0131 art\u0131k yerlerini \u201cakil insanlardan olu\u015fturulan \u00fcst kurullar\u201d, \u201culuslararas\u0131 tahkim mevzuat\u0131\u201d ve ad\u0131na \u201cy\u00f6neti\u015fimci etkin devlet\u201d denilen, demokratik denetimden uzak, g\u00fc\u00e7ler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini reddeden teknokratik y\u00f6netim yap\u0131lar\u0131na terk etmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, yukar\u0131da ana ba\u015fl\u0131klarla \u00f6zetlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan yap\u0131sal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerinin, asl\u0131nda mevcut kapitalist sistemin \u00e7aresizli\u011fini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermek ve i\u00e7 \u00e7eli\u015fkilerini belgelemek g\u00f6z\u00fcyle de okuman\u0131n do\u011fru olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteyim.<\/p>\n
***<\/p>\n
Son s\u00f6z olarak, Korkut Boratav hoca y\u0131llar \u00f6nce, 4 May\u0131s 2005 tarihli Cumhuriyet gazetesindeki bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, \u015fu s\u00f6zleri bizlerle payla\u015fmaktayd\u0131: \u201cAd\u0131m ad\u0131m \u2018ayk\u0131r\u0131\u2019 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye y\u00f6nelmemiz gerekiyor. \u00d6nce, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn egemen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7iminin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131; giderek kurulu d\u00fczenin parametrelerini de zorlayarak…\u201d<\/p>\n
Ayk\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye haz\u0131r m\u0131y\u0131z?<\/p>\n
03.04.2019<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yerel se\u00e7imler geride kald\u0131. Piyasalar\u0131n beklentisi bundan b\u00f6yle en az 4 sene boyunca \u201cse\u00e7im yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yap\u0131sal reformlar\u0131n art\u0131k uygulanmaya konulaca\u011f\u0131\u201d umuduyla \u00e7alkalan\u0131yor. \u201cYap\u0131sal reform gereklili\u011fi\u201d iktisat g\u00fcndemimizde neredeyse ilahi bir kutsanma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f durumda. Bu hafta s\u00f6z konusu kavram\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011fi mistik alg\u0131lardan ar\u0131nd\u0131rarak tart\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m. Konu son derece geni\u015f ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2326,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[158,257],"class_list":["post-2766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-basindan","tag-erinc-yeldan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2766"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2767,"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2766\/revisions\/2767"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2326"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belediyeis.org.tr\/merkez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}